Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *jular

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: halter

Russian meaning: недоуздок

Karakhanid: jular (MK)

Turkish: jular

Middle Turkic: jular (Pav. C., Houts.), jolar (AH)

Oyrat: d́ular

Yakut: sular

Tuva: čular

Gagauz: jular

Salar: ʒ́ulur

Comments: EDT 932, VEWT 210, ЭСТЯ 4, 244-245, Лексика 556.

Proto-Turkic: *jul-duŕ (*-dɨŕ)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: star

Russian meaning: звезда

Old Turkic: jultuz (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: julduz (MK)

Turkish: jɨldɨz

Tatar: joldɨz

Middle Turkic: julduz (Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: julduz

Uighur: jultuz

Sary-Yughur: juldɨs

Azerbaidzhan: ulduz

Turkmen: jɨldɨz

Khakassian: čɨltɨs

Shor: čɨltɨs

Oyrat: d́ɨldɨs

Halaj: julduz

Chuvash: śъʷldъʷr

Yakut: sulus

Dolgan: hulus

Tuva: sɨldɨs

Tofalar: sɨltɨs

Kirghiz: ǯɨldɨz

Kazakh: žu_ldɨz

Noghai: juldɨz

Bashkir: jondoδ

Balkar: žulduz

Gagauz: jɨldɨs

Karaim: jɨldɨz

Karakalpak: žuldɨz

Salar: jyldus

Kumyk: julduz

Comments: VEWT 210, TMN 3, 260-1, EDT 922-3, ЭСТЯ 4, 279-280, Лексика 53, Stachowski 111.

Proto-Turkic: *julɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to pillage, attack 2 thief, scoundrel

Russian meaning: 1 грабить, нападать 2 вор, бродяга, голодранец

Old Turkic: julɨ- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: julɨ- (MK) 1

Tatar: jolqɨš 2

Khakassian: čulɣus (Sag.), čulɣas (Koib., Kach.) 2

Shor: čulɣuš 2

Tuva: čul- 1

Kirghiz: ǯulu-š- 'to fight (of women)'

Bashkir: jolqoš 2

Comments: EDT 919. Should be separated from *jol- 'pick out' (v. sub *ńŏ̀lo).

Proto-Turkic: *julɨŋ / *jülüŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: marrow, spinal marrow

Russian meaning: костный мозг, спинной мозг

Karakhanid: julun (MK)

Middle Turkic: jülün (MA), julun (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jülüŋ (dial.)

Uighur: julun (dial.)

Khakassian: čǝlǝŋ

Shor: čɨlɨŋ

Oyrat: jülün, d́ülüŋ

Yakut: sülün

Dolgan: hünńü

Tuva: čün

Kirghiz: ǯülün, ǯulun

Kazakh: žulɨn

Noghai: julɨn

Bashkir: jɨlɨm, dial. jelen, jelem, jolon

Karakalpak: žulɨn

Comments: EDT 930, ЭСТЯ 4, 266, Лексика 263, Stachowski 115.

Proto-Turkic: *jum-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 round 2 ball of wool, thread

Russian meaning: 1 круглый 2 клубок

Karakhanid: jumɣaq 2 (MK)

Turkish: jumak 2, jumru 1

Tatar: jomrɨ 1, jomɣaq 2

Middle Turkic: jumru 1 (Pav. C.), jumqaq 2 (MA)

Uzbek: jumalɔq 1

Uighur: jumlaq 1

Azerbaidzhan: jumru 1, jumaG 2

Turkmen: jumaq 2, jumrɨ 1

Khakassian: nɨŋmax 2

Oyrat: jumɣaq 2

Chuvash: śъʷmɣa 2

Kirghiz: ǯumuru 1

Kazakh: žumaq 2

Bashkir: jomoro 1, jomɣaq 2

Gagauz: jumaq 2

Karaim: jumɣaq 2

Karakalpak: žumrɨ 1, žumaq 2

Salar: jumax 2

Kumyk: jummaq 2

Comments: One of expressive common Turkic roots meaning 'round, spherical'. See VEWT 210, EDT 871, 873, 877, 936, 937-8, ЭСТЯ 4, 246-247, 249-250. The root has also a variant (expressive?) *jub-, see ЭСТЯ 4, 237-238, Stachowski 114.

Proto-Turkic: *jumra-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 gopher 2 ground-squirrel

Russian meaning: 1 суслик 2 евражка

Tatar: jomran 1

Middle Turkic: jumran 'mole' (AH)

Uzbek: jumrɔn 1

Uighur: jumran 1

Turkmen: jumran 1 (dial.)

Oyrat: jɨmran, jɨbɨran 2

Bashkir: jomran 1

Balkar: ǯuburan 1

Comments: VEWT 210, ЭСТЯ 4, 247-248, Лексика 165-166. Turk. > Mong. ǯurum, ǯurama, Khalkha ʒuram, ʒurma, Dag. ǯombor, (Тод. Даг. 145) ǯumbrā (see MGCD 464, KW 481, TMN 4, 220), whence Man. ǯumara etc., see Doerfer MT 102, Rozycki 127. Cf. also *jamlan / *jalman (VEWT 183, ЭСТЯ 4, 97; > Mong. jalman). Turk. > Russ. dial. jevrán and similar forms, see Аникин 195, 199, 205.

Proto-Turkic: *jumuĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: work, service, necessity

Russian meaning: работа, служба, необходимость

Old Turkic: jumuš (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: jumuš (MK) 1

Turkish: jumuš

Tatar: jomɨš

Uzbek: jumuš 1

Turkmen: jumuš

Khakassian: nɨmɨs

Oyrat: jumuš, ńumuš

Chuvash: śъʷmъʷl

Tuva: čɨmɨš

Kirghiz: ǯumuš

Kazakh: žumɨs

Bashkir: jomɨš

Balkar: zumuš

Karaim: jumuš

Karakalpak: žumɨs

Comments: VEWT 211, ЭСТЯ 4, 251, EDT 938 (with a highly dubious derivation from *jum- 'round').

Proto-Turkic: *jumur

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bowels, intestines

Russian meaning: кишки, внутренности

Karakhanid: jumur (MK)

Tuva: čumur 'maw'

Tofalar: ńumur 'maw'

Comments: EDT 937-8. Historically the root should be probably kept distinct from *jum- 'round' and *jumurtka 'egg' - although internal contaminations were of course inevitable.

Proto-Turkic: *jumurtka

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: egg

Russian meaning: яйцо

Old Turkic: jumurtɣa, jumurɣa (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jumurtɣa (MK)

Turkish: jumurta

Tatar: jomɨrqa

Middle Turkic: jumurtɣa (Sangl.)

Uzbek: jumurtqa (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: jomut

Azerbaidzhan: jumurta

Turkmen: jumurtGa

Khakassian: nɨmɨrxa

Shor: nɨbɨrtqa, nuburtqa (Верб.)

Oyrat: d́ɨmɨrtqa

Halaj: jumurqa

Chuvash: śъʷmarda

Yakut: sɨmɨ̄t

Dolgan: hɨmɨ̄t

Tuva: čuurɣa

Tofalar: ńumurxa

Kirghiz: ǯumurtqa

Kazakh: žu_mɨrtqa

Noghai: jumɨrtqa

Bashkir: jomortqa

Balkar: zumurtqa

Gagauz: jɨmɨrta

Karaim: jɨmɨrta, imɨrtxa

Karakalpak: žumurtqa

Salar: jymū(r)dda

Kumyk: jɨmɨrtqa

Comments: VEWT 211, EDT 938, ЭСТЯ 4, 250-251, Лексика 149, Stachowski 118.

Proto-Turkic: *junt

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: horse, mare

Russian meaning: лошадь, кобыла

Old Turkic: junt (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: junt (MK)

Turkish: jont

Middle Turkic: junt (Ettuhf.), junad (AH)

Sary-Yughur: jut, jot

Yakut: sono-ɣos 'young horse'

Comments: EDT 946, VEWT 211, ЭСТЯ 4, 253-254, TMN 4, 199-200. Despite Sinor 1965, 312, hardly a borrowing from Samoyed.

Proto-Turkic: *juŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 wool 2 small feathers, down 3 feather 4 faded fur

Russian meaning: 1 шерсть 2 пух 3 перо 4 линька

Old Turkic: juŋ 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: juŋ 1 (KB), 2, 3 (MK)

Turkish: jün 1

Tatar: jon 3

Middle Turkic: juŋ 1 (Бор. Бад.), jüŋ 1 (Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: juŋ 1

Uighur: juŋ, ǯuŋ 1

Sary-Yughur: juŋ, jüŋ, jun 3

Azerbaidzhan: jun 1

Turkmen: jüŋ 1

Khakassian: nüŋ 2

Shor: čum 2

Oyrat: jüŋ, jum, jɨm, d́uŋ 1

Halaj: juŋ 1

Chuvash: śъʷm 1

Yakut: suŋ 4

Tuva: čüŋ 1

Kirghiz: ǯün 1,2,3

Kazakh: žün 1

Noghai: jün 1

Bashkir: jön 3

Gagauz: jün 1

Karaim: jün, jun 1

Karakalpak: žün 1

Salar: juŋ 1

Kumyk: jün 1

Comments: VEWT 211, EDT 941, ЭСТЯ 4, 267-268, Лексика 146. This root should not be confused with *jüg 'feather' (v. sub *d[é]gi).

Proto-Turkic: *jur-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: patch of cloth, rag

Russian meaning: лоскуты, лохмотья

Old Turkic: jurun (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jurun (MK)

Tatar: joron (dial.)

Middle Turkic: jurun (Abush., Sangl.)

Khakassian: čurux

Oyrat: d'urun

Chuvash: śorъm 'bundle of flax or hemp'

Tuva: čuruq

Tofalar: čuruq

Kazakh: žurɨn (dial.)

Bashkir: jorqaq, joron

Balkar: ǯurun

Karaim: jurq- 'to pinch (hair)'

Karakalpak: žurɨndɨ

Comments: VEWT 211, EDT 970, ЭСТЯ 4, 255-256, Ашм. XII, 270.

Proto-Turkic: *jut

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bad weather, bad harvest 2 hunger, trouble

Russian meaning: 1 дурная погода, неурожай 2 голод, беда

Old Turkic: jut (Orkh.) 1

Karakhanid: jut (MK) 1

Middle Turkic: jut (Pav. C., AH, Бор. Бад.) 1

Uzbek: jut 1

Uighur: ǯut, ǯüt 2

Sary-Yughur: ǯüt 'lean, meagre'

Khakassian: čut 1

Shor: čut 1

Oyrat: jut, d́ut 1, 2

Yakut: sut 2

Tuva: čut 2

Kirghiz: ǯut 2

Kazakh: žut 2

Noghai: jut 1, 2

Bashkir: jot 2

Karakalpak: žŭt 2

Kumyk: jut 1

Comments: EDT 883, VEWT 211-212, ЭСТЯ 4, 256-257. Turk. > Mong. *ǯud, *ǯuta- (KW 481, TMN 4, 210, Щербак 1997, 125).

Proto-Turkic: *jūrt

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dwelling place, camping-site

Russian meaning: жилище, стоянка

Old Turkic: jurt (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jurt (MK)

Turkish: jurt (dial.)

Tatar: jort

Middle Turkic: jurt (Pav. C., Houts., AH)

Uzbek: jurt

Uighur: ju(r)t

Sary-Yughur: jurt

Azerbaidzhan: jurt

Turkmen: jūrt

Khakassian: čurt

Shor: čurt

Oyrat: jurt, d́urt

Halaj: jūrt

Chuvash: śort

Yakut: surt

Dolgan: hurt

Tuva: ču`rt

Kirghiz: ǯurt

Kazakh: žurt

Noghai: jurt

Bashkir: jort

Balkar: žurt

Karaim: jurt

Karakalpak: žurt

Kumyk: jurt

Comments: EDT 958, VEWT 211, TMN 4, 212-213, ЭСТЯ 4, 254-255, Лексика 490-491, 494, Федотов 2, 144-145, Stachowski 113.

Proto-Turkic: *jūrtu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hole, needle hole

Russian meaning: ушко инструмента

Turkish: igne jurdusu 'ушко иглы'

Middle Turkic: jurdu 'ушко иглы, стрелы, топора' (Pav. C.)

Chuvash: śъrda 'ушко иглы, медали, промежуток для резинки на трусах'

Comments: VEWT 211, EDT 958 (sub jurt), Егоров 208, Федотов 2, 98.

Proto-Turkic: *jü-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 load 2 to load, carry

Russian meaning: 1 груз, тяжесть 2 нагружать, везти

Old Turkic: jük 1, jü-d- 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jük 1, jü-δ- 2 (MK)

Turkish: jük 1

Tatar: jök 1

Middle Turkic: jük 1 (Houts., AH)

Uzbek: juk 1

Uighur: jük 1

Sary-Yughur: jük 1

Azerbaidzhan: jük 1

Turkmen: jük 1

Khakassian: čük 1

Shor: čük 1

Oyrat: jüj- 2, jük, d́ük 1

Chuvash: śǝʷk 1

Yakut: sük- 2

Tuva: čü`k 1, čüdür- 2

Kirghiz: ǯük 1

Kazakh: žük 1

Noghai: jük 1

Bashkir: jök 1

Balkar: ǯük, žük, zük 1

Gagauz: ük 1

Karaim: jük, juk, jik, ik 1

Kumyk: jük, juk 1

Comments: EDT 885, 910, VEWT 212, ЭСТЯ 4, 262-263, Лексика 520.

Proto-Turkic: *jüg

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: feather

Russian meaning: перо

Karakhanid: jüg (MK, KB)

Turkish: jüg, jüv (dial.), Osm. jüg

Khakassian: čüg

Tuva: čüg

Comments: EDT 910, Лексика 150. Räsänen (VEWT 211b) confuses this root with *juŋ 'wool', but they are certainly unrelated (although may tend to contaminate).

Proto-Turkic: *jüg-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 upwards 2 to rise 3 hill 4 high

Russian meaning: 1 вверх, наверх 2 подниматься 3 холм 4 высокий

Old Turkic: jügerü (Orkh., OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: jükse- 2 (MK)

Turkish: jüksel- 2, jüǯe, (dial.) jüg, jüǯek, jügǯek, jüvǯek 3

Middle Turkic: jüksät- 2 (Houts.), jüče 4 (AH)

Azerbaidzhan: jüksäl- 2, uǯa 4

Gagauz: ǖsel- 2

Karaim: öksel- 2

Comments: EDT 915, ЭСТЯ 4, 263-264. The form *jügerü is replaced in most modern languages by a back row variant *jokaru, *jokgaru (see ЭСТЯ 4, 213-214); this may be due to a contamination with a synonymous root *jok "up, above" (see ЭСТЯ 4, 215).

Proto-Turkic: *jügen

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bridle

Russian meaning: уздечка

Karakhanid: jügön (MK, IM)

Turkish: ojan

Tatar: jögän

Middle Turkic: ujan (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jugan

Uighur: jügän

Sary-Yughur: juɣɨn (ЯЖУ)

Azerbaidzhan: jüjän

Turkmen: üjen, ujan

Khakassian: čügen

Shor: čügen

Oyrat: üjgen

Chuvash: jǝʷven

Yakut: ǖn

Tuva: čüɣen

Kirghiz: ǯügön

Kazakh: žügen

Noghai: jüwen

Bashkir: jügän

Balkar: ǯügen

Karaim: ijgen, jügen

Karakalpak: žüwen

Kumyk: jügen

Comments: VEWT 212, EDT 913, ЭСТЯ 1, 577, Егоров 77, Лексика 556.

Proto-Turkic: *jügür-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to hurry, run

Russian meaning: спешить, бежать

Old Turkic: jügür- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jügür- (MK)

Turkish: jügür-, jüjir- (dial.)

Tatar: jöger-

Middle Turkic: jügür- (Houts., MA, AH), jüwür- (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jügir-, jugur-

Uighur: žügü(r)-

Azerbaidzhan: jüjür-

Turkmen: jüwür- (dial.), jügür-

Khakassian: čügür-

Shor: čügür-

Oyrat: jügür-, d́ügür-

Yakut: sǖr-

Dolgan: hǖr-

Tuva: čügür-

Kirghiz: ǯügür-

Kazakh: žügir-

Noghai: juwɨr-

Bashkir: jüger-

Karaim: juwur-, ǯuwur-

Karakalpak: žügir-, žuwɨr-

Salar: jugur-, jü'kür- (ССЯ)

Comments: EDT 914, VEWT 212, ЭСТЯ 4, 258, Stachowski 116.